Polyglutamic Acid (PGA) is a natural polymer produced by Japanese natto bacteria. As a high molecular weight, water-soluble polymer, it can absorb up to 5,000 times its own weight in moisture. Compared to hyaluronic acid, which typically absorbs 1,000 times its weight, PGA delivers about 4–5 times stronger hydration.
Beyond simply holding more moisture, PGA forms a thin, transparent film on the skin’s surface to prevent water loss. Clinical studies have shown it can stimulate the skin’s natural hyaluronic acid production for up to 24 hours after use. In other words, it targets both immediate hydration and long-term skin resilience.
In Korea, Dr.G was the first to launch a PGA line, followed by brands like Mediheal, Torriden, and Anua, which now offer toners, serums, and creams containing PGA. Globally, The Inkey List, Charlotte Tilbury, and Estée Lauder have also introduced PGA lines. Korean mid-range prices are 25,000–50,000 KRW, while global luxury ranges from $70 to $150.
Caution: Due to its large molecular size, PGA does not penetrate deeply into the skin on its own. Products combining PGA with low-molecular hyaluronic acid or niacinamide maximize efficacy. If the concentration is too high, stickiness can occur; typically, 2–3% delivers optimal feel and benefits.
Market trends show PGA is not just a new ingredient but is redefining the entire hydration category. According to NIQ’s Q1 2026 report, new products labeled "contains PGA" saw an average sales growth rate of +84% over regular hydrating products, with a 71% repurchase rate among Korean women in their 30s. In Japan, Shiseido and DHC have launched dedicated PGA lines, while in the US, Cosrx and Anua’s PGA toners entered Sephora’s top bestseller ranks within six months. The global PGA category is projected to grow at a 22% annual rate over the next three years.
For consumers, effective use of PGA hinges on timing and layering. Using a PGA-infused product at the toner step enhances absorption of subsequent serums and creams. Since its skin-boosting hydration lasts for 24 hours, 4–5 uses per week are sufficient. Those sensitive to stickiness should start with 1–2% concentrations. The PGA + ceramide combo is best for dry or mature skin, while PGA + niacinamide is most effective for oily or combination types.